Public Health

Set 1:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  28. Hygiene of children and adolescents – health protection and promotion, monitoring of health condition of children and youth, factors influencing healthy growth and development, the role of education for a healthy lifestyle. Characteristics and risks of individual age categories.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  28. Emerging diseases and actual epidemiological threats. Biological weapons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  26. Health impact assessment.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 2:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  33. Nutrition in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluating nutritional habits in common practice. Use of general and individualized dietary (nutritional) recommendations. Critical summary of alternative diets and dietary patterns, their possible benefits and risks (Mediterranean pattern, vegetarianism, veganism, keto-diet and others).
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  6. Hygiene requirements and operating conditions in healthcare facilities - epidemiological specifics and risks, culture of patient safety, rooted assumptions, values, and norms of an organisation, guidelines.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  19. Healthcare system financing and organisation - macroeconomic level - laws of health resource allocation. Cost containment and examples.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  24. Professional liability insurance vs legal claim - types of insurances, errors & omissions, malpractice/negligence insurance, coverage, costs related. Civil/criminal law vs professional liability. Statistics in European Union countries and USA.

Set 3:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  11. Water and health - drinking water, legislation, biological function and biological value of drinking water, importance of water hardness, water sources, drinking water treatment, health safety, interpretation of analysis indicators. Methemoglobinemia. Faecal contamination of drinking water, water-borne infections.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  12. Disinfection in healthcare settings – the importance and use, methods, main principles of use, microbicidal activity of disinfectants, high level of disinfection and its use.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  18. Health system needs - supply, need, demand and use). Variations in utilisation rates. Inverse care law. Economic issues of health systems (investing in health, healthcare spending, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 4:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  42. Diabetes type II – epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and favorable influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  17. Epidemiology of viral air-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  24. National health systems - general information on different systems, health systems in developed countries, health system in developing countries, economic issues in national health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  6. Medical documentation - medical records, gold standard, written vs electronic documentation, cut and paste. Access, confidentiality and shredding. Manipulation. What is it written in the medical documentations has truly being performed? - Pressure on doctors to have a complete medical documentation vs time given to every patient by hospital management. Commonest mistakes. Legal issues.

Set 5:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  19. Nutrition - fats - classification of fats in nutrition, importance of fats in general and individual groups (fatty acids) for health. Food sources of fats and their importance. Relationship of fats and cholesterol.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  23. Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, risks of transmission in healthcare settings, transfusions safety, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  18. Patient’s bill of rights and obligations - elementary patient’s rights and their protection.

Set 6:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  16. Nutrition - fruits and vegetables - importance in terms of content of particular nutrients and other biologically active substances of non-nutritional nature, importance of vegetables and fruits in terms of health impacts and prevention of specific diseases. Servings and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  24. Epidemiology of infectious hepatitis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  16. WHO - general information (when it was established, structure, financing, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 7:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  38. Blood cholesterol - evaluation as part of preventive examinations and lifestyle advice. Factors affecting plasma levels, possibilities of non-pharmacological intervention for favorably influencing blood cholesterol.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  8. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings I – linen management, healthcare waste management, food (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  3. Nurse’s and doctor’s arrogance towards patients. Courtesy of hospital employees. Lack of ethics. Patient’s privacy and confidentiality breach. Staff personal presentation. Patient complaints. Common mistakes.

Set 8:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  15. Nutrition – grains, cereals, bakery products, pasta, rice, oats etc. - importance in terms of the content of particular nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins, other substances of a non-nutritional nature) and in terms of the impact of consumption on health. Carbohydrates. Glycemic index. Whole grains, fiber. Incomplete proteins. Gluten - diseases caused by gluten, food labeling in terms of gluten.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  5. Repressive anti-epidemic measures – EU case definitions of communicable diseases: case classification, reporting and recording infectious diseases, co-operation with Public Health Institutions, methods and possibilities of patient isolation, epidemiological investigation of the outbreak of the disease, quarantine measures.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  8. Epidemiological studies - potential errors in epidemiology (random vs systematic). Sample size, selection bias, measurement bias, confounding and how can be controlled. Validity (external and internal).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 9:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  40. Obesity - obesity prevention, nutritional counseling in obesity prevention and therapy - methods, use of dietary records.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  22. Epidemiology of human herpesvirus infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 10:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  14. Epidemiology of bacterial food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  5. Health determinants, indicators and risk factors - QALYs, DALYs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  6. Medical documentation - medical records, gold standard, written vs electronic documentation, cut and paste. Access, confidentiality and shredding. Manipulation. What is it written in the medical documentations has truly being performed? - Pressure on doctors to have a complete medical documentation vs time given to every patient by hospital management. Commonest mistakes. Legal issues.

Set 11:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  24. Nutritional status – undernutrition, malnutrition. Classification and types, symptoms, causes, diagnostics. The world's most widespread micronutrient malnutrition. Evaluation of PEM using MUAC in the field studies. Standardized screening tests to assess undernutrition and malnutrition in hospitalized patients and in elderly people.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  10. Healthcare associated infections – epidemiological characteristic, consequences, occurrence, methods of surveillance, risk processes and preventive precautions.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 12:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  17. Nutrition - milk and dairy products - importance in terms of the content of particular nutrients, in terms of health impacts and in terms of prevention of specific diseases. Myths and truths about milk. Calcium, milk as a source of calcium. Live yoghurt cultures. Allergy to cow's milk protein, lactose intolerance. Servings, recommendations and dietary guidelines.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  7. Epidemiological studies - observational and experimental, give examples how and when these studies are used.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  17. Quality of health care IV - assessment of patient’s satisfaction. Attitude of personnel towards the patient. Availability of personnel. Hospital environment/facilities vs cleanliness, smoothness of admission/discharge, etc.

Set 13:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  31. Smoking in lifestyle-oriented preventive counseling – main steps within a short intervention: Diagnosis of the smoking status, tools for assessing the degree of dependence. Rationale and argumentation for the patient. Methods and assistance in quitting.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  1. Chain of infection – epidemic process, environmental and social circumstances, basic epidemiological terms, sources, routes of transmission, susceptible persons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  10. Prevention - importance, levels of prevention, methods, problems. Screening and screening tests / diagnostic tests. Definitions of normality and abnormality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 14:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  15. Epidemiology of viral food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  16. WHO - general information (when it was established, structure, financing, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  13. Defensive medicine - legal claims vs defensive medicine, unnecessary/excessive care. Medical practice before 2000 and now. It is the legal pressure on doctors influencing patient medical treatment? Common examples.

Set 15:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  36. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases - counseling, recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases through lifestyle. An overview of the most important lifestyle factors affecting the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Based on sufficient evidence, current recommendations (European recommendations 2016 and AHA American recommendations 2019), new findings.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  11. Standard hygiene measures and isolation precaution in healthcare settings - hand hygiene and use of gloves, preventing injuries by needle and other sharp objects, etc. Type of isolation. Use of personal protective equipment.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  19. Healthcare system financing and organisation - macroeconomic level - laws of health resource allocation. Cost containment and examples.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  25. Human resources for health care – overview, human resources planning. Basic medical education and post-graduate training. Competence of physician in training. Licensure and supervision. Education for public health and health management. Health policy and management of human resources.

Set 16:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  2. Disease prevention, health protection and promotion - definitions, implementation methods, types of prevention, differences in implementation and impacts.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  16. Enterotoxicosis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  12. Evidence based medicine - how to read a paper.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 17:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  42. Diabetes type II – epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and favorable influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  1. Chain of infection – epidemic process, environmental and social circumstances, basic epidemiological terms, sources, routes of transmission, susceptible persons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  18. Health system needs - supply, need, demand and use). Variations in utilisation rates. Inverse care law. Economic issues of health systems (investing in health, healthcare spending, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 18:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  13. Smoking - definition of smoking, composition of tobacco smoke, nicotine, pandemic smoking. Impact of smoking on health. Types of exposure, active and passive smoking, prenatal exposure. Tabaco addiction, diagnostics.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  6. Hygiene requirements and operating conditions in healthcare facilities - epidemiological specifics and risks, culture of patient safety, rooted assumptions, values, and norms of an organisation, guidelines.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  23. Rights and duties of a healthcare worker - physician as an employee, workplace safety, working hours, remuneration, vacation, further education, liability).

Set 19:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  2. Disease prevention, health protection and promotion - definitions, implementation methods, types of prevention, differences in implementation and impacts.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  21. Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  12. Patient complaints and claims - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, clinical examples, etc. Complaints and their use to improve quality of provided services. How to deal with such complaints. Average response times for such complaints. Corrective measures - disciplinary actions.

Set 20:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  27. Traveling and infections – risks, the most frequent causative agents, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 21:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  8. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation - sources, health effects, impacts of nuclear accidents and normal operation of nuclear facilities (powerplants) on human health, radiation sickness, radiophobia. Radon.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  11. Medical negligence vs malpractice - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, etc. Guidelines vs protocols. Good medical practice. Standard of care. Measurements to reduce medical negligence/professional malpractice claims.

Set 22:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  29. Social paediatrics - children and adolescents - injuries in childhood, violence against children, possibilities of prevention, adolescent addiction, mental disorders. STD as specific risks in adolescence, education and prevention.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  23. Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, risks of transmission in healthcare settings, transfusions safety, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 23:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  3. Health risks - methods of their evaluation, danger vs risk. Types of dose-response relationship, deterministic and stochastic effect. Exposure, direct and indirect assessment methods.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  27. Traveling and infections – risks, the most frequent causative agents, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  11. Medical negligence vs malpractice - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, etc. Guidelines vs protocols. Good medical practice. Standard of care. Measurements to reduce medical negligence/professional malpractice claims.

Set 24:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  3. Health risks - methods of their evaluation, danger vs risk. Types of dose-response relationship, deterministic and stochastic effect. Exposure, direct and indirect assessment methods.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  4. Epidemiology of measles, mumps and infectious polio - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis, eradication programs of WHO.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  16. WHO - general information (when it was established, structure, financing, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  14. Quality of health care I - definition, general information, history of quality in health care, how it is assessed and which parameters are under evaluation. Quality of health care indicators, etc.

Set 25:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  8. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation - sources, health effects, impacts of nuclear accidents and normal operation of nuclear facilities (powerplants) on human health, radiation sickness, radiophobia. Radon.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  10. Healthcare associated infections – epidemiological characteristic, consequences, occurrence, methods of surveillance, risk processes and preventive precautions.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  5. Dress code and personal presentation/hygiene of hospital staff.

Set 26:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  14. Smoking cessation and prevention - quitting smoking, program 5A / 5P in primary and secondary care. The role and possibilities of physicians, behavioral methods, pharmacological assistance in quitting, its nature, types, importance and indications. Harm reduction. Possibilities of prevention and legislation.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  24. Epidemiology of infectious hepatitis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  18. Health system needs - supply, need, demand and use). Variations in utilisation rates. Inverse care law. Economic issues of health systems (investing in health, healthcare spending, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  19. Right to receive treatment - standard of care, refusal to accept patient to treatment, termination of healthcare. Statutory health insurance in Czech Republic and selected EU countries, patient’s right to receive free treatment and out-of-pocket payments.

Set 27:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  38. Blood cholesterol - evaluation as part of preventive examinations and lifestyle advice. Factors affecting plasma levels, possibilities of non-pharmacological intervention for favorably influencing blood cholesterol.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  4. Epidemiology of measles, mumps and infectious polio - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis, eradication programs of WHO.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  23. Planning and managing health systems - elements of organisations, targeted oriented management, human relations management, total quality management. Changing human behaviour. Empowerment. Strategic management process. Transformation of health care paradigms.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 28:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  20. Patient consent to treatment - general information, patientsʼ refusal, previously expressed wishes, etc.

Set 29:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  6. Light and health - light pollution, the role of light in the synchronization of circadian rhythms, melatonin, rules of proper lighting.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  26. Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis and vector-borne infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, sources, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  28. Health technology, quality, law and ethics – overview, innovation, regulation and quality control. Health technology assessment. Dissemination and diffusion of technology. Quality assurance (adverse events; certification vs accreditation; algorithms and guidelines; organisation of care; TQM).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 30:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  29. Social paediatrics - children and adolescents - injuries in childhood, violence against children, possibilities of prevention, adolescent addiction, mental disorders. STD as specific risks in adolescence, education and prevention.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  4. Epidemiology of measles, mumps and infectious polio - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis, eradication programs of WHO.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  12. Patient complaints and claims - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, clinical examples, etc. Complaints and their use to improve quality of provided services. How to deal with such complaints. Average response times for such complaints. Corrective measures - disciplinary actions.

Set 31:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  1. Health - definition, measuring, indicators. Individual health and population health. Indicators based on mortality, morbidity, quality of life. The importance of age standardization.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  3. Active and passive immunisation – main principles, use in prophylaxis and prevention of infectious diseases, prophylaxis of tetanus, herd immunity, classification and composition of vaccines, vaccination contraindications, side effects of vaccinations, vaccination programmes according to WHO and CDC.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  7. Patient identification - identification methods, standardising wristbands, right patient-right treatment, etc.

Set 32:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  21. Nutrition - food labeling - nutrition claims and health claims, misleading claims, legislation. Labeling of foodstuffs in terms of gluten, allergens. GDA (guidelines daily amounts).
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  8. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings I – linen management, healthcare waste management, food (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  19. Right to receive treatment - standard of care, refusal to accept patient to treatment, termination of healthcare. Statutory health insurance in Czech Republic and selected EU countries, patient’s right to receive free treatment and out-of-pocket payments.

Set 33:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  24. Nutritional status – undernutrition, malnutrition. Classification and types, symptoms, causes, diagnostics. The world's most widespread micronutrient malnutrition. Evaluation of PEM using MUAC in the field studies. Standardized screening tests to assess undernutrition and malnutrition in hospitalized patients and in elderly people.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  8. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings I – linen management, healthcare waste management, food (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  27. The measurement of patient satisfaction.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  18. Patient’s bill of rights and obligations - elementary patient’s rights and their protection.

Set 34:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  33. Nutrition in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluating nutritional habits in common practice. Use of general and individualized dietary (nutritional) recommendations. Critical summary of alternative diets and dietary patterns, their possible benefits and risks (Mediterranean pattern, vegetarianism, veganism, keto-diet and others).
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  5. Repressive anti-epidemic measures – EU case definitions of communicable diseases: case classification, reporting and recording infectious diseases, co-operation with Public Health Institutions, methods and possibilities of patient isolation, epidemiological investigation of the outbreak of the disease, quarantine measures.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 35:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 36:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  24. Nutritional status – undernutrition, malnutrition. Classification and types, symptoms, causes, diagnostics. The world's most widespread micronutrient malnutrition. Evaluation of PEM using MUAC in the field studies. Standardized screening tests to assess undernutrition and malnutrition in hospitalized patients and in elderly people.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  23. Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, risks of transmission in healthcare settings, transfusions safety, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  9. Causation in epidemiology - sufficient or necessary. Single and multiple causes. Factors in causation. Considerations for causation (temporal relation, plausibility, consistency, strength, dose-response relationship, reversibility, study design, judging the evidence).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  3. Nurse’s and doctor’s arrogance towards patients. Courtesy of hospital employees. Lack of ethics. Patient’s privacy and confidentiality breach. Staff personal presentation. Patient complaints. Common mistakes.

Set 37:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  40. Obesity - obesity prevention, nutritional counseling in obesity prevention and therapy - methods, use of dietary records.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  2. Disease frequency - population at risk. Incidence vs prevalence, factors influencing them. Cumulative incidence, case fatality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  2. Communication between medical personnel and patients/relatives - common mistakes, recommendations, SPIKES, etc.

Set 38:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  20. Nutrition - sodium and salt (NaCl) - importance and impact on health. Actual and recommended consumption, food sources, recommendations for sodium restriction. Sugar, added sugar, health impact and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  24. Epidemiology of infectious hepatitis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  29. Globalisation of health – overview, priorities in global health, development and health. WHO / UNICEF, NGOs, World bank. Trends in global health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  7. Patient identification - identification methods, standardising wristbands, right patient-right treatment, etc.

Set 39:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  5. Repressive anti-epidemic measures – EU case definitions of communicable diseases: case classification, reporting and recording infectious diseases, co-operation with Public Health Institutions, methods and possibilities of patient isolation, epidemiological investigation of the outbreak of the disease, quarantine measures.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  24. Professional liability insurance vs legal claim - types of insurances, errors & omissions, malpractice/negligence insurance, coverage, costs related. Civil/criminal law vs professional liability. Statistics in European Union countries and USA.

Set 40:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  37. Blood pressure - evaluation in the framework of preventive examinations and lifestyle-oriented counselling, factors influencing the risk of hypertension, possibilities of non-pharmacological intervention for favorably influencing elevated BP.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  17. Epidemiology of viral air-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  10. Prevention - importance, levels of prevention, methods, problems. Screening and screening tests / diagnostic tests. Definitions of normality and abnormality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  18. Patient’s bill of rights and obligations - elementary patient’s rights and their protection.

Set 41:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  26. Physical activity - importance of physical activity in disease prevention, negative impacts of insufficient physical activity. Basic components of physical activity evaluation. Methods of evaluation of the level of physical activity (PAL), subjective and objective methods, metabolic equivalent (MET), assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness. Principles of method selection for evaluation of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  6. Comparing disease occurrence - risk difference, attributable fraction, attributable risk, relative risk, odds ratio.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 42:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  7. Noise and health - impacts of noise on health, auditory and non-auditory effects. Noise pollution, measurement of noise, expression of results, evaluation and interpretation. Technical measures against noise.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  17. Epidemiology of viral air-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  3. Nurse’s and doctor’s arrogance towards patients. Courtesy of hospital employees. Lack of ethics. Patient’s privacy and confidentiality breach. Staff personal presentation. Patient complaints. Common mistakes.

Set 43:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  10. Environment in the Czech Republic - smog, noise and vibration, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, health impact in the Czech Republic, trends of metal pollution in the Czech Republic.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  17. Epidemiology of viral air-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  16. Quality of health care III - measures to assess the quality of health care. Approaches for improving outcomes and patient satisfaction. Patient feedback. Provide general information and give common examples.

Set 44:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  27. Nutrition of children - importance of breastfeeding, composition of breast milk: nutritive and non-nutritive components, risk of non-breastfeeding. Breastfeeding support, Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative, 10 steps to successful breastfeeding (WHO / UNICEF), 4 points for breastfeeding support, International code of marketing of breast milk substitutes (WHO). Contraindications of breastfeeding. Infants and toddler nutrition, complementary feeding. Growth charts. Childhood obesity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  27. The measurement of patient satisfaction.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 45:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  18. Nutrition - meat, fish and seafood, eggs, pulses, nuts and seeds - importance in terms of the content of particular nutrients, in terms of health impacts and in terms of prevention of specific diseases. Proteins and protein sources.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  9. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings II - water hygiene, air (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 46:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  25. Evaluation of nutritional status - overview of methods- anamnestic (history), clinical (physical), anthropometric, laboratory. Anthropometry - BMI, body fat and body composition, abdominal circumference and its importance. Problematics of cut-offs for body fat percentage. NWO syndrome. Metabolic syndrome. Biochemical indicators of nutritional status evaluation. Specifics of evaluation of nutritional status in children.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  15. Epidemiology of viral food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  14. Quality of health care I - definition, general information, history of quality in health care, how it is assessed and which parameters are under evaluation. Quality of health care indicators, etc.

Set 47:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  4. Epidemiology - definition. Epidemiological methods, their division and types. Use in preventive medicine. Descriptive, analytical, observational, interventional (experimental), retrospective, prospective, correlation (ecological) studies, case-control studies, cohort studies. Randomized and non-randomized studies. RCT category - randomized clinical trials. Importance and relationship to evidence level. Bias and their types, causality and its proving. Quantitative research.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  21. Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  27. The measurement of patient satisfaction.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 48:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  32. Alcohol in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - the impact of alcohol on health, an attributive contribution to the risk of major diseases. Health problems related to alcohol use - differentiation of alcohol dependence and health damage (without the presence of dependence). Defining hazardous drinking, risk criteria. Alcohol screening - a distinction between identifying alcohol-related problems and quantifying consumption. AUDIT questionnaires and other short questionnaires. Determining the amount of alcohol, alcohol unit. Recommendations for the population.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  28. Health technology, quality, law and ethics – overview, innovation, regulation and quality control. Health technology assessment. Dissemination and diffusion of technology. Quality assurance (adverse events; certification vs accreditation; algorithms and guidelines; organisation of care; TQM).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  16. Quality of health care III - measures to assess the quality of health care. Approaches for improving outcomes and patient satisfaction. Patient feedback. Provide general information and give common examples.

Set 49:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  1. Health - definition, measuring, indicators. Individual health and population health. Indicators based on mortality, morbidity, quality of life. The importance of age standardization.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  23. Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, risks of transmission in healthcare settings, transfusions safety, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 50:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  22. Nutrition - nutritional recommendations - types, dietary reference values for nutrients (DRV), general (verbal) nutritional recommendations, food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). Principles, goals, forms. Current dietary guidelines in the Czech Republic and examples from other countries.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  14. Epidemiology, health policy and planning - the planning cycle, assessing efficiency.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  24. Professional liability insurance vs legal claim - types of insurances, errors & omissions, malpractice/negligence insurance, coverage, costs related. Civil/criminal law vs professional liability. Statistics in European Union countries and USA.

Set 51:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  22. Epidemiology of human herpesvirus infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  2. Communication between medical personnel and patients/relatives - common mistakes, recommendations, SPIKES, etc.

Set 52:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  31. Smoking in lifestyle-oriented preventive counseling – main steps within a short intervention: Diagnosis of the smoking status, tools for assessing the degree of dependence. Rationale and argumentation for the patient. Methods and assistance in quitting.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  26. Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis and vector-borne infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, sources, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  14. Epidemiology, health policy and planning - the planning cycle, assessing efficiency.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 53:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  3. Health risks - methods of their evaluation, danger vs risk. Types of dose-response relationship, deterministic and stochastic effect. Exposure, direct and indirect assessment methods.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  28. Health technology, quality, law and ethics – overview, innovation, regulation and quality control. Health technology assessment. Dissemination and diffusion of technology. Quality assurance (adverse events; certification vs accreditation; algorithms and guidelines; organisation of care; TQM).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 54:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  16. Nutrition - fruits and vegetables - importance in terms of content of particular nutrients and other biologically active substances of non-nutritional nature, importance of vegetables and fruits in terms of health impacts and prevention of specific diseases. Servings and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  9. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings II - water hygiene, air (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  18. Health system needs - supply, need, demand and use). Variations in utilisation rates. Inverse care law. Economic issues of health systems (investing in health, healthcare spending, etc.).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  5. Dress code and personal presentation/hygiene of hospital staff.

Set 55:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  20. Nutrition - sodium and salt (NaCl) - importance and impact on health. Actual and recommended consumption, food sources, recommendations for sodium restriction. Sugar, added sugar, health impact and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  21. Health economics - definition and its importance. Economic measures of health status - the basic of economic evaluation [cost-of-illness studies (COI) / cost-minimisation analysis (CMA) / cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) / cost-utility analysis (CUA) / cost-benefit analysis (CBA) - provide examples on each evaluation].
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  2. Communication between medical personnel and patients/relatives - common mistakes, recommendations, SPIKES, etc.

Set 56:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  25. Evaluation of nutritional status - overview of methods- anamnestic (history), clinical (physical), anthropometric, laboratory. Anthropometry - BMI, body fat and body composition, abdominal circumference and its importance. Problematics of cut-offs for body fat percentage. NWO syndrome. Metabolic syndrome. Biochemical indicators of nutritional status evaluation. Specifics of evaluation of nutritional status in children.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  5. Health determinants, indicators and risk factors - QALYs, DALYs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 57:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  35. Anthropometric examination and its evaluation in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - importance, evaluation and use of main indicators, their strengths and weaknesses. BMI, abdominal circumference, body fat percentage. The limits of WHR index. Problematics of NWO (normal weight obesity) and sarcopenic obesity. Link to behavioral recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  17. Epidemiology of viral air-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  10. Prevention - importance, levels of prevention, methods, problems. Screening and screening tests / diagnostic tests. Definitions of normality and abnormality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  24. Professional liability insurance vs legal claim - types of insurances, errors & omissions, malpractice/negligence insurance, coverage, costs related. Civil/criminal law vs professional liability. Statistics in European Union countries and USA.

Set 58:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  8. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation - sources, health effects, impacts of nuclear accidents and normal operation of nuclear facilities (powerplants) on human health, radiation sickness, radiophobia. Radon.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 59:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  42. Diabetes type II – epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and favorable influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  9. Causation in epidemiology - sufficient or necessary. Single and multiple causes. Factors in causation. Considerations for causation (temporal relation, plausibility, consistency, strength, dose-response relationship, reversibility, study design, judging the evidence).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  7. Patient identification - identification methods, standardising wristbands, right patient-right treatment, etc.

Set 60:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  28. Hygiene of children and adolescents – health protection and promotion, monitoring of health condition of children and youth, factors influencing healthy growth and development, the role of education for a healthy lifestyle. Characteristics and risks of individual age categories.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  10. Healthcare associated infections – epidemiological characteristic, consequences, occurrence, methods of surveillance, risk processes and preventive precautions.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 61:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  12. Waste - definition of waste, impact of waste on health. Treatment of municipal and industrial waste, specifics of waste from medical facilities, protective and preventive measures in contact with waste, risk factors in waste treatment. Wastewater, basic methods and principles of purification.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  8. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings I – linen management, healthcare waste management, food (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  8. Epidemiological studies - potential errors in epidemiology (random vs systematic). Sample size, selection bias, measurement bias, confounding and how can be controlled. Validity (external and internal).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  6. Medical documentation - medical records, gold standard, written vs electronic documentation, cut and paste. Access, confidentiality and shredding. Manipulation. What is it written in the medical documentations has truly being performed? - Pressure on doctors to have a complete medical documentation vs time given to every patient by hospital management. Commonest mistakes. Legal issues.

Set 62:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  36. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases - counseling, recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases through lifestyle. An overview of the most important lifestyle factors affecting the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Based on sufficient evidence, current recommendations (European recommendations 2016 and AHA American recommendations 2019), new findings.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  8. Epidemiological studies - potential errors in epidemiology (random vs systematic). Sample size, selection bias, measurement bias, confounding and how can be controlled. Validity (external and internal).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  5. Dress code and personal presentation/hygiene of hospital staff.

Set 63:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  14. Smoking cessation and prevention - quitting smoking, program 5A / 5P in primary and secondary care. The role and possibilities of physicians, behavioral methods, pharmacological assistance in quitting, its nature, types, importance and indications. Harm reduction. Possibilities of prevention and legislation.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  21. Patient’s autonomy vs paternalistic approach - making decision on behalf of the patient who is unable to make a decision or express his will. Underage, unconscious, intoxicated patients. Decision-making in emergency medicine.

Set 64:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  32. Alcohol in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - the impact of alcohol on health, an attributive contribution to the risk of major diseases. Health problems related to alcohol use - differentiation of alcohol dependence and health damage (without the presence of dependence). Defining hazardous drinking, risk criteria. Alcohol screening - a distinction between identifying alcohol-related problems and quantifying consumption. AUDIT questionnaires and other short questionnaires. Determining the amount of alcohol, alcohol unit. Recommendations for the population.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  28. Emerging diseases and actual epidemiological threats. Biological weapons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  14. Epidemiology, health policy and planning - the planning cycle, assessing efficiency.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  19. Right to receive treatment - standard of care, refusal to accept patient to treatment, termination of healthcare. Statutory health insurance in Czech Republic and selected EU countries, patient’s right to receive free treatment and out-of-pocket payments.

Set 65:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  33. Nutrition in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluating nutritional habits in common practice. Use of general and individualized dietary (nutritional) recommendations. Critical summary of alternative diets and dietary patterns, their possible benefits and risks (Mediterranean pattern, vegetarianism, veganism, keto-diet and others).
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  22. Epidemiology of human herpesvirus infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  26. Health impact assessment.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 66:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  12. Waste - definition of waste, impact of waste on health. Treatment of municipal and industrial waste, specifics of waste from medical facilities, protective and preventive measures in contact with waste, risk factors in waste treatment. Wastewater, basic methods and principles of purification.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  7. Clean rooms in health care - explanation of the concept, application in health care, monitoring of contamination.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  27. The measurement of patient satisfaction.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  2. Communication between medical personnel and patients/relatives - common mistakes, recommendations, SPIKES, etc.

Set 67:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  7. Noise and health - impacts of noise on health, auditory and non-auditory effects. Noise pollution, measurement of noise, expression of results, evaluation and interpretation. Technical measures against noise.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  9. Non-specific routes of infection transmission in healthcare settings II - water hygiene, air (risks, hygienic precautions and methods).
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  9. Causation in epidemiology - sufficient or necessary. Single and multiple causes. Factors in causation. Considerations for causation (temporal relation, plausibility, consistency, strength, dose-response relationship, reversibility, study design, judging the evidence).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  18. Patient’s bill of rights and obligations - elementary patient’s rights and their protection.

Set 68:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  16. Nutrition - fruits and vegetables - importance in terms of content of particular nutrients and other biologically active substances of non-nutritional nature, importance of vegetables and fruits in terms of health impacts and prevention of specific diseases. Servings and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  14. Epidemiology of bacterial food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 69:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  3. Health risks - methods of their evaluation, danger vs risk. Types of dose-response relationship, deterministic and stochastic effect. Exposure, direct and indirect assessment methods.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  11. Medical negligence vs malpractice - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, etc. Guidelines vs protocols. Good medical practice. Standard of care. Measurements to reduce medical negligence/professional malpractice claims.

Set 70:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 71:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  16. Nutrition - fruits and vegetables - importance in terms of content of particular nutrients and other biologically active substances of non-nutritional nature, importance of vegetables and fruits in terms of health impacts and prevention of specific diseases. Servings and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  13. Sterilization – the basic principles and methods, pre-sterilization preparation, packaging and storage sterilized items, monitoring.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  20. Patient consent to treatment - general information, patientsʼ refusal, previously expressed wishes, etc.

Set 72:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  1. Health - definition, measuring, indicators. Individual health and population health. Indicators based on mortality, morbidity, quality of life. The importance of age standardization.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 73:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  2. Disease prevention, health protection and promotion - definitions, implementation methods, types of prevention, differences in implementation and impacts.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  26. Health impact assessment.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  5. Dress code and personal presentation/hygiene of hospital staff.

Set 74:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  27. Nutrition of children - importance of breastfeeding, composition of breast milk: nutritive and non-nutritive components, risk of non-breastfeeding. Breastfeeding support, Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative, 10 steps to successful breastfeeding (WHO / UNICEF), 4 points for breastfeeding support, International code of marketing of breast milk substitutes (WHO). Contraindications of breastfeeding. Infants and toddler nutrition, complementary feeding. Growth charts. Childhood obesity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  1. Chain of infection – epidemic process, environmental and social circumstances, basic epidemiological terms, sources, routes of transmission, susceptible persons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 75:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  32. Alcohol in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - the impact of alcohol on health, an attributive contribution to the risk of major diseases. Health problems related to alcohol use - differentiation of alcohol dependence and health damage (without the presence of dependence). Defining hazardous drinking, risk criteria. Alcohol screening - a distinction between identifying alcohol-related problems and quantifying consumption. AUDIT questionnaires and other short questionnaires. Determining the amount of alcohol, alcohol unit. Recommendations for the population.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  12. Disinfection in healthcare settings – the importance and use, methods, main principles of use, microbicidal activity of disinfectants, high level of disinfection and its use.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  2. Disease frequency - population at risk. Incidence vs prevalence, factors influencing them. Cumulative incidence, case fatality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  14. Quality of health care I - definition, general information, history of quality in health care, how it is assessed and which parameters are under evaluation. Quality of health care indicators, etc.

Set 76:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  17. Nutrition - milk and dairy products - importance in terms of the content of particular nutrients, in terms of health impacts and in terms of prevention of specific diseases. Myths and truths about milk. Calcium, milk as a source of calcium. Live yoghurt cultures. Allergy to cow's milk protein, lactose intolerance. Servings, recommendations and dietary guidelines.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  28. Emerging diseases and actual epidemiological threats. Biological weapons.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  8. Epidemiological studies - potential errors in epidemiology (random vs systematic). Sample size, selection bias, measurement bias, confounding and how can be controlled. Validity (external and internal).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  16. Quality of health care III - measures to assess the quality of health care. Approaches for improving outcomes and patient satisfaction. Patient feedback. Provide general information and give common examples.

Set 77:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  40. Obesity - obesity prevention, nutritional counseling in obesity prevention and therapy - methods, use of dietary records.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  24. Epidemiology of infectious hepatitis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 78:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  33. Nutrition in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluating nutritional habits in common practice. Use of general and individualized dietary (nutritional) recommendations. Critical summary of alternative diets and dietary patterns, their possible benefits and risks (Mediterranean pattern, vegetarianism, veganism, keto-diet and others).
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  26. Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis and vector-borne infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, sources, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  19. Right to receive treatment - standard of care, refusal to accept patient to treatment, termination of healthcare. Statutory health insurance in Czech Republic and selected EU countries, patient’s right to receive free treatment and out-of-pocket payments.

Set 79:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  39. Possibilities of primary prevention of cancer - the main causes of cancer globally. Importance of the quality of evidence for risk assessment and formulation of recommendations. A realistic look at the importance of the carcinogens (class A). Smoking as a major controllable cancer risk. Effect of nutritional and dietary factors (food groups), body weight and physical activity. Summary of main recommendations for primary prevention of cancer.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  10. Healthcare associated infections – epidemiological characteristic, consequences, occurrence, methods of surveillance, risk processes and preventive precautions.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  11. WHO social determinants of health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  13. Defensive medicine - legal claims vs defensive medicine, unnecessary/excessive care. Medical practice before 2000 and now. It is the legal pressure on doctors influencing patient medical treatment? Common examples.

Set 80:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  42. Diabetes type II – epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and favorable influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  4. Epidemiology of measles, mumps and infectious polio - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis, eradication programs of WHO.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  23. Planning and managing health systems - elements of organisations, targeted oriented management, human relations management, total quality management. Changing human behaviour. Empowerment. Strategic management process. Transformation of health care paradigms.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 81:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  20. Nutrition - sodium and salt (NaCl) - importance and impact on health. Actual and recommended consumption, food sources, recommendations for sodium restriction. Sugar, added sugar, health impact and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  4. Epidemiology of measles, mumps and infectious polio - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention and prophylaxis, eradication programs of WHO.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  26. Health impact assessment.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  25. Human resources for health care – overview, human resources planning. Basic medical education and post-graduate training. Competence of physician in training. Licensure and supervision. Education for public health and health management. Health policy and management of human resources.

Set 82:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  14. Epidemiology of bacterial food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  2. Disease frequency - population at risk. Incidence vs prevalence, factors influencing them. Cumulative incidence, case fatality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  17. Quality of health care IV - assessment of patient’s satisfaction. Attitude of personnel towards the patient. Availability of personnel. Hospital environment/facilities vs cleanliness, smoothness of admission/discharge, etc.

Set 83:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  11. Standard hygiene measures and isolation precaution in healthcare settings - hand hygiene and use of gloves, preventing injuries by needle and other sharp objects, etc. Type of isolation. Use of personal protective equipment.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  9. Causation in epidemiology - sufficient or necessary. Single and multiple causes. Factors in causation. Considerations for causation (temporal relation, plausibility, consistency, strength, dose-response relationship, reversibility, study design, judging the evidence).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 84:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  12. Waste - definition of waste, impact of waste on health. Treatment of municipal and industrial waste, specifics of waste from medical facilities, protective and preventive measures in contact with waste, risk factors in waste treatment. Wastewater, basic methods and principles of purification.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  19. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections I – Tuberculosis, Pertussis, Diphtheria, Legionellosis - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  9. Risk of harm to patients - most common risks, patient’s fall, etc. Risk management – definition, incident reporting - dos and don’ts. Patient safety. Medication errors - Five rights to minimise the risk. Patient falls, prevention measures. Strategies to reduce malpractice claims. Incidents costs related.

Set 85:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  12. Waste - definition of waste, impact of waste on health. Treatment of municipal and industrial waste, specifics of waste from medical facilities, protective and preventive measures in contact with waste, risk factors in waste treatment. Wastewater, basic methods and principles of purification.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  4. Physician-patient relationship - verbal and physical aggression/violence against hospital staff, sexual harassment - physicians toward patients and vice-versa (regulations, what to do, common cases, recommendations, etc.).

Set 86:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  16. Nutrition - fruits and vegetables - importance in terms of content of particular nutrients and other biologically active substances of non-nutritional nature, importance of vegetables and fruits in terms of health impacts and prevention of specific diseases. Servings and recommendations.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  3. Active and passive immunisation – main principles, use in prophylaxis and prevention of infectious diseases, prophylaxis of tetanus, herd immunity, classification and composition of vaccines, vaccination contraindications, side effects of vaccinations, vaccination programmes according to WHO and CDC.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  10. Prevention - importance, levels of prevention, methods, problems. Screening and screening tests / diagnostic tests. Definitions of normality and abnormality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  20. Patient consent to treatment - general information, patientsʼ refusal, previously expressed wishes, etc.

Set 87:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  14. Smoking cessation and prevention - quitting smoking, program 5A / 5P in primary and secondary care. The role and possibilities of physicians, behavioral methods, pharmacological assistance in quitting, its nature, types, importance and indications. Harm reduction. Possibilities of prevention and legislation.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  27. Traveling and infections – risks, the most frequent causative agents, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 88:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  5. Air and health - climatic factors, particles, relation of global climate change to health. Optimal microclimate, indicator role of carbon dioxide concentrations in indoor environment. Suspended particles and health, “black carbon”.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  27. Traveling and infections – risks, the most frequent causative agents, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  22. Organisation of public health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  4. Physician-patient relationship - verbal and physical aggression/violence against hospital staff, sexual harassment - physicians toward patients and vice-versa (regulations, what to do, common cases, recommendations, etc.).

Set 89:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  12. Waste - definition of waste, impact of waste on health. Treatment of municipal and industrial waste, specifics of waste from medical facilities, protective and preventive measures in contact with waste, risk factors in waste treatment. Wastewater, basic methods and principles of purification.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  9. Causation in epidemiology - sufficient or necessary. Single and multiple causes. Factors in causation. Considerations for causation (temporal relation, plausibility, consistency, strength, dose-response relationship, reversibility, study design, judging the evidence).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 90:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  22. Nutrition - nutritional recommendations - types, dietary reference values for nutrients (DRV), general (verbal) nutritional recommendations, food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). Principles, goals, forms. Current dietary guidelines in the Czech Republic and examples from other countries.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  14. Epidemiology of bacterial food-born infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  2. Disease frequency - population at risk. Incidence vs prevalence, factors influencing them. Cumulative incidence, case fatality.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  12. Patient complaints and claims - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, clinical examples, etc. Complaints and their use to improve quality of provided services. How to deal with such complaints. Average response times for such complaints. Corrective measures - disciplinary actions.

Set 91:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  23. Dietary assessment – nutritional intake and dietary consumption, qualitative and quantitative aspects. The global consumption assessment. Methods of assessment of individual consumption. Retrospective and prospective methods. Advantages and disadvantages of particular methods, types of questionnaires, fast evaluation according to food groups, WHO dietary score.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  12. Disinfection in healthcare settings – the importance and use, methods, main principles of use, microbicidal activity of disinfectants, high level of disinfection and its use.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 92:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  32. Alcohol in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - the impact of alcohol on health, an attributive contribution to the risk of major diseases. Health problems related to alcohol use - differentiation of alcohol dependence and health damage (without the presence of dependence). Defining hazardous drinking, risk criteria. Alcohol screening - a distinction between identifying alcohol-related problems and quantifying consumption. AUDIT questionnaires and other short questionnaires. Determining the amount of alcohol, alcohol unit. Recommendations for the population.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  2. Preventive epidemiological measures - prevention and control of infectious diseases; active search for possible sources; isolation of the sick; breaking the chain of infection. WHO – Health statistics and information systems, Preventive Work Programmes and ECDC long-term surveillance strategy, Global Disease Elimination and Eradication as Public Health Strategies.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  25. Public health law in Europe - the role of law in society and healthcare legislation, overview. CDC. Environmental health. Ethical issues in public health. Individual and community rights. Ethics in patient care vs in public health.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 93:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  26. Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis and vector-borne infections - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, sources, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  3. Mortality and morbidity as health indexes - death rates, mortality rates. Life expectancy.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  11. Medical negligence vs malpractice - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, etc. Guidelines vs protocols. Good medical practice. Standard of care. Measurements to reduce medical negligence/professional malpractice claims.

Set 94:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  22. Nutrition - nutritional recommendations - types, dietary reference values for nutrients (DRV), general (verbal) nutritional recommendations, food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). Principles, goals, forms. Current dietary guidelines in the Czech Republic and examples from other countries.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  25. Epidemiology of skin and superficial mucous membranes - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  14. Epidemiology, health policy and planning - the planning cycle, assessing efficiency.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  10. WHO surgical safety checklist - medicolegal points of view.

Set 95:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  5. Air and health - climatic factors, particles, relation of global climate change to health. Optimal microclimate, indicator role of carbon dioxide concentrations in indoor environment. Suspended particles and health, “black carbon”.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  20. Epidemiology of bacterial air-born infections II – Streptococcus, Meningococcus and Hemophyllus infections, non-viral atypical pneumonia - basic characteristics, occurrence, causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  27. The measurement of patient satisfaction.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  22. Physician-patient privilege - medical confidentiality, communication with relatives, passing information to authorities in public interest.

Set 96:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  41. Osteoporosis - epidemiology, risk factors for development, possibilities of prevention and positive influencing by lifestyle.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  18. Epidemiology of Influenza - causative agents, routes of transmission, incubation period, main symptoms, complications, occurrence, risk groups of population, prevention. Pandemic plans.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  4. Morbidity. Disability, impairment, handicap.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  11. Medical negligence vs malpractice - definition, common mistakes and how to avoid them, consequences, costs-related, etc. Guidelines vs protocols. Good medical practice. Standard of care. Measurements to reduce medical negligence/professional malpractice claims.

Set 97:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  39. Possibilities of primary prevention of cancer - the main causes of cancer globally. Importance of the quality of evidence for risk assessment and formulation of recommendations. A realistic look at the importance of the carcinogens (class A). Smoking as a major controllable cancer risk. Effect of nutritional and dietary factors (food groups), body weight and physical activity. Summary of main recommendations for primary prevention of cancer.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  7. Clean rooms in health care - explanation of the concept, application in health care, monitoring of contamination.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  13. Exposure vs dose. Dose-effect and dose response relationships. Assessing risk (risk assessment vs health impact assessment vs risk management).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  15. Quality of health care II - health care accreditation systems - Joint Commission International, Det Norske Veritas, ISO norms, standards in health. National Safety and Quality in Health Service Standards. TQM. General information, requirements to obtain/lose the accreditation. Benefits of the accreditation, costs related with it.

Set 98:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  28. Hygiene of children and adolescents – health protection and promotion, monitoring of health condition of children and youth, factors influencing healthy growth and development, the role of education for a healthy lifestyle. Characteristics and risks of individual age categories.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  2. Preventive epidemiological measures - prevention and control of infectious diseases; active search for possible sources; isolation of the sick; breaking the chain of infection. WHO – Health statistics and information systems, Preventive Work Programmes and ECDC long-term surveillance strategy, Global Disease Elimination and Eradication as Public Health Strategies.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  20. Healthcare system financing and organisation - microeconomic level - payment for doctor’s services and payment for comprehensive care. Paying for hospital care (DRG). Hospital supply, utilisation and costs.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 99:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  8. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation - sources, health effects, impacts of nuclear accidents and normal operation of nuclear facilities (powerplants) on human health, radiation sickness, radiophobia. Radon.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  11. Standard hygiene measures and isolation precaution in healthcare settings - hand hygiene and use of gloves, preventing injuries by needle and other sharp objects, etc. Type of isolation. Use of personal protective equipment.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  24. National health systems - general information on different systems, health systems in developed countries, health system in developing countries, economic issues in national health systems.
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  1. Ward rounds - aims, quality factors, main complications and their impact on patients, confidentiality, privacy, etc.

Set 100:
A – HYGIENE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
  34. Physical activity in lifestyle-oriented preventive counselling - recommended methods for evaluation of physical activity level (PAL) in common practice, methods of quantification and categorization according to the guidelines. Current recommendations of physical activity for the population. Global recommendations on physical activity for health, WHO health, American physical activity guidelines 2018. Individual prescription of physical activity.
B – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
  27. Traveling and infections – risks, the most frequent causative agents, prevention.
C - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
  28. Health technology, quality, law and ethics – overview, innovation, regulation and quality control. Health technology assessment. Dissemination and diffusion of technology. Quality assurance (adverse events; certification vs accreditation; algorithms and guidelines; organisation of care; TQM).
D - HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT / ADMINISTRATION AND MEDICAL LAW
  24. Professional liability insurance vs legal claim - types of insurances, errors & omissions, malpractice/negligence insurance, coverage, costs related. Civil/criminal law vs professional liability. Statistics in European Union countries and USA.